The Disputes of South China Sea From International Law Perspective
Abstract
Disputes in the South China Sea (SCS) occur due to the seizure of mari- time regions of Spratly and Paracel islands, the regions which are rich in natural resources of oil and gas. Indonesia is not a claimant state to the features in SCS, but Indonesia has a vital national interest to the jurisdiction of waters of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and the continental shelf which overlaps with claims 9 dashed lines of PRC. In analyzing and resolving these disputes, the writer uses theory of law- based state as a grand theory, the theory of international law as a middle range theory, and theory of conflict resolution as an applied theory. The method is a normative legal research. The legal materials are collected based on the identifted list of problems/issues and are assessed according to the classiftcation of the problems. The legal materials are deductively managed to draw conclusions from the problems encountered, and are further analyzed to solve these problems. Conflict resolution to maritime territorial dispute can be achieved by legal means. The dispute settlement by legal means can be done through bilateral, multilateral, arbitration, to the International Court of Justice, while the dispute resolution through CBMs can be achieved through dialogue in international fora by applying the formula 6 + 4 + 2 or 6 + 4 + 1 + 1, and by conducting survey and research cooperation in the fteld of maritime.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ali, Alman Helvas. (2012). Focus Group Discussion Sopsal tentang Hubungan Kerjasama RI-PRC dan Sensitivas Klaim Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Wisma Elang Laut: 6 Juli 2012.
ASEAN, TAC 1976 (Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia)
_______, Traktat ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
Attamimi, A. Hamid S. (1982). Pengesahan/Ratifikasi Perjanjian Internasional “diatur”oleh Konvensi Ketatanegaraan. Majalah Hukum dan Pembangunan No. 4 tahun ke XII Juli, 1982
The Djuanda Declaration on the Republic of Indonesia as the State of the Islands. December 13, 1957
Fuady, Munir. (2009). Teori Negara Hukum Modern (Rehctstaat). Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Indonesia Maritime Institute. (2013). Konflik Batas Laut: Pertaruhan Harga Diri Bangsa.
Johnny Ibrahim. (2010). Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.
Jokowi. (2015). Klaim Teritorial China Di Laut China Selatan Tidak Memiliki Dasar Dalam Hukum Internasional. Surat kabar Jepang, Yomiuri mengutip Reuters. 23 Maret 2015.
Presidential Decree Number 12 of 2014, dated 14 March 2014 on the revocation of Ampera Cabinet Presidium Number SE-06/Pred.Kab/6/1967, dated 28 June 1967
Presidential Decree No. 89/1969 on the ratification of the continental shelf agreement in the South China Sea between the governments of Indonesia and Malaysia
The Hague Convention of 1899 and 1907 on the Peaceful International Dispute Resolution
UN Convention 1958 on the Law of the Sea International
The UN Convention. 1982. International Sea Law (UNCLOS 1982)
Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia in 2008 No. 177.
Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. (2010). Panduan Pemasyarakatan Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 (Sesuai dengan Urutan Bab, Pasal dan Ayat). Jakarta: Sekretaris Jendral MPR-RI.
Moeldoko. (2014). Modernisasi Kekuatan Laut Negara ASEAN Akibat Situasi Laut China Selatan, Wall Street Journal Asia, Desember 2014.
Government Regulation no. 37/2008 on Amendment to Government Regulation no. 38/2002 on the Geographic Coordinates The base line Indonesian Islands
Government Regulation no. 38/2002 on the Geographic Coordinates The base line Indonesian Islands
Government Regulation no. 61/1998 on the Geographic Coordinates The base line Indonesia in the Natuna Islands
The Continental Shelf Agreement in the South China Sea between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur, 27 October 1969
Presidential Regulation no. 178/2014 on the Establishment of Indonesia Coast Guard, dated December 15, 2014
Ras, Abdul Rivai. (2001). Konflik Laut Cina Selatan dan Ketahanan Regional Asia-Pasifik, Sudut Pandang Indonesia. Jakarta: Apsindo.
Sastroamidjojo, Ali. (1974). Tonggak-Tonggak di Perjalananku. Jakarta: PT Kinta.
Soekanto, Soerjono dan Sri Mamudji. (2010). Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Letter from the President to the Parliament No. 2826/HK/1960 dated 22 August 1960 concerning the Making of Agreements with Other Countries.
Technical Aspect on the Law of the Sea (TALOS), technical documents related to UNCLOS 1982, 2006
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. (1982). The maritime area that is the right of the coastal state.
Treves, Tullio. (2013) Delimitasi Maritim dan Fitur Lepas Pantai, Italia: University of Milan. Disampaikan pada CIL Roundtable di Laut Cina Selatan, Hukum Internasional dan UNCLOS, 27-28 Juni 2013 di Singapura.
TZMKO (1939). Regulations on Territorial Sea, (Dutch Colonial Products)
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945
Law no. 17/1985 on UNCLOS Endorsement of 1982
Law no. 37/1999 on Foreign Relations
Law no. 4/1960 on Indonesian Waters
Law no. 6/1996 on Indonesian Waters
Law no. 1/1973 on the continental shelf of Indonesia
Law no. 18/2007, Agreement between the Government of RI and the government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on the determination of the continental shelf boundary, June 26, 2003
Law no. 43/2008 on the Territory of the State.
Law no. 5/1983 on the Exclusive Economic Zone of Indonesia
Law no. 24/2000 on International Agreements
United Nations (1958) Convention on the Continental Shelf
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31479/salj.v1i1.1
Copyright (c) 2017 The Southeast Asia Law Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Southeast Asia Law Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.